Which type of Excema do I have?
Atopic Excema
Atopic Excema is the commonest form of excema and is closely linked with asthma and hayfever. It can affect both children and adults, usually running in families. One of the most common symptoms of atopic excema is its itchiness (or pruritis), which can be almost unbearable. Other symptoms include overall dryness of the skin, redness and inflammation. Constant scratching can also cause the skin to split, leaving it prone to infection. In infected excema the skin may crack and weep (‘wet’ excema). Treatments include emollients to maintain skin hydration and steroids to reduce inflammation.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Develops when the body’s immune system reacts
against a substance in contact with the skin. The allergic reaction
often develops over a period of time through repeated contact with
the substance. For example, an allergic reaction may occur to
nickel, which is often found in earrings, belt buckles and jeans
buttons. Reactions can also occur after contact with other
substances such as perfumes and rubber. In order to prevent repeated
reactions it is best to prevent contact with anything that you know
causes a rash.
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
This is a type of excema caused by frequent contact with everyday substances, such as detergents and chemicals, which are irritating to the skin. It most commonly occurs on the hands of adults and can be prevented by avoiding the irritants and keeping the skin moisturized.
Infantile Seborrhoeic Excema
A common condition affecting babies under one year
old, the exact cause of which is unknown. Also referred to as cradle
cap, it usually starts on the scalp or the nappy area and quickly
spreads. Although this type of excema looks unpleasant, it is not
sore or itchy and does not cause the baby to feel uncomfortable or
unwell. Normally this type of excema will clear in just a few
months, though the use of moisturising creams and bath oils can help
to speed this along.
Adult Seborrhoeic Excema
Characteristically affects adults between the ages of 20 and 40. It is usually seen on the scalp as mild dandruff, but can spread to the face, ears and chest. The skin becomes red, inflamed and starts to flake. The condition is believed to be caused by a yeast growth. If the condition becomes infected, treatment with an anti-fungal cream may be necessary.
Varicose Excema
Varicose Excema affects the lower legs of those in
their middle to late years, being caused by poor circulation.
Commonly the skin around the ankles is affected, becoming speckled,
itchy and inflamed. Treatment is with emollients and steroid creams.
If left untreated, the skin can break down, resulting in an ulcer.
Discoid Excema
Is usually found in adults and appears suddenly as a few coin shaped areas of red skin, normally on the trunk or lower legs. They become itchy and can weep fluid. Usually discoid excema is treated with emollients like Repcillin.
